China sets new record for nickel-based superconductors, achieving 96 K transition temperature
Chinese scientists have achieved a breakthrough in superconductivity, setting a new record for nickel-based materials. A joint team from the Beijing High-Voltage Science Research Center and Shandong University successfully induced bulk superconductivity at 96 K (‑177.15°F) in high-quality La₂SmNi₂O₇‑d single crystals under high pressure.
This marks the highest transition temperature ever recorded for nickel-based superconductors, making them the third class of unconventional high-temperature superconductors after copper-based and iron-based systems. The results were published in Nature under the title Bulk superconductivity up to 96 K in pressurized nickelate single crystals.
The research team innovatively applied an atmospheric flux method to optimize chemical composition, generating chemical pressure that produced high-purity, low-defect nickelate single crystals. To address challenges in measuring micron-scale samples, they developed independent isostatic resistance and magnetic measurement technologies. These verified both zero resistance and complete diamagnetism while maintaining crystal integrity.
Importantly, this achievement raises nickel-based superconductivity above the liquid nitrogen threshold (77 K) for the first time, laying the foundation for exploring even higher-temperature superconductors. Researcher Zeng Qiaoshi noted that this breakthrough brings the goal of 100 K superconductivity closer and pushes room-temperature superconductivity from theory toward reality.
The work was carried out by the Beijing High-Voltage Science Research Center and Shandong University. Shandong University, founded in 1901, is one of China's oldest and most prestigious institutions, with strengths in physics, materials science, and engineering. The Beijing High-Voltage Science Research Center specializes in advanced materials research under extreme conditions, contributing to China's leadership in superconductivity studies. Together, these institutions are driving innovation in high-temperature superconductors with global impact.
